[Scia Reto](https://sciareto.org) mind map   
> __version__=`1.1`,generatorId=`com.igormaznitsa:idea-mindmap:intellij-2022.33.0-IntelliJ IDEA`
---

# 计算机网络

## 基本概念

### 计算机网络是计算机技术与通信技术相结合的产物，它实现了远程通信、远程信息处理和资源共享

## 基本功能
> collapsed=`true`


### 数据通信

### 资源共享

### 管理集中化

### 实现分布式处理

### 负载均衡

## 网络指标
> collapsed=`true`


### 性能指标
> collapsed=`true`


#### 速率

#### 带宽

#### 吞吐量

#### 时延

#### 利用率

### 非性能指标
> collapsed=`true`


#### 费用

#### 质量

#### 标准化

#### 可靠性

#### 可升级性

#### 易管理性

#### 可维护性

## 网络分类

### 按分布范围
> collapsed=`true`


#### 局域网 LAN
> collapsed=`true`


##### 分布距离：10 \- 1000米

##### 分布范围：房间、楼宇、校园

##### 传输速率：4Mbps \- 1Gbps

#### 城域网 MAN
> collapsed=`true`


##### 分布距离：10千米

##### 分布范围：城市

##### 传输速率：50Kbps \- 100Mbps

#### 广域网 WAN
> collapsed=`true`


##### 分布距离：\> 100千米

##### 分布范围：国家或全球

##### 传输速率：10Kbps \- 45Mbps

### 按拓扑结构
> collapsed=`true`


#### 总线型
> collapsed=`true`


##### 
> 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`


##### 特点
> collapsed=`true`


###### 价格低

###### 利用率低

###### 干扰大

#### 星形
> collapsed=`true`


#####  
> 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`


##### 特点
> collapsed=`true`


###### 交换机形成的局域网

###### 中央单元负荷大

#### 环形
> collapsed=`true`


##### 
> 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`


##### 特点
> collapsed=`true`


###### 流动方向固定

###### 效率低

###### 扩充难

#### 树形
> collapsed=`true`


##### 
> 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`


##### 特点
> collapsed=`true`


###### 总线型的扩展

###### 分级结构

#### 分布式
> collapsed=`true`


##### 
> 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`


##### 特点
> collapsed=`true`


###### 任意节点连接

###### 管理难

###### 成本高

## 网络互联模型

### OSI七层结构
> collapsed=`true`


#### 7 应用层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 处理网络应用

##### 详细表述

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### HTTP

###### Telnet

###### FTP

###### SMTP

###### NFS

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 网关

#### 6 表示层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 数据表示

##### 详细表述

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### JPEG

###### ASCII

###### GIF

###### DES

###### MPEG

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 网关

#### 5 会话层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 互联主机通信

##### 详细表述

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### SSL

###### RPC

###### SQL

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 网关

#### 4 传输层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 端到端连接

###### 传输报文段

##### 详细表述
> collapsed=`true`


###### 无差错

###### 按顺序

###### 无丢失

###### 无冗余

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### TCP

###### UDP

###### SPX

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 网关

#### 3 网络层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 分组传输
> collapsed=`true`


####### 将一段数据分为多段进行传输

###### 路由选择

##### 详细表述

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### IP

###### IPX

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 中继器

###### 集线器

###### 三层交换机

#### 2 数据链路层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 传输以帧为单位的信息

##### 详细表述

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### IEEE802\.3/\.2

###### HDLC

###### PPP

###### ATM

##### 子层
> collapsed=`true`


###### 介质访问层 MAC

###### 逻辑链路层 LLC

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 交换机

###### 网桥

#### 1 物理层
> collapsed=`true`


##### 主要功能
> collapsed=`true`


###### 传输二进制位信息

##### 详细表述

##### 代表协议
> collapsed=`true`


###### RS232

###### V\.35

###### RJ\-45

###### FDDI

##### 主要设备
> collapsed=`true`


###### 中继器

###### 集线器

### TCP/IP四层协议
> collapsed=`true`


#### 4 应用层

#### 3 传输层\(TCP/UDP\)

#### 2 网际层\(IP/ICMP\)

#### 1 网络接口层

### 五层协议体系结构
> collapsed=`true`


#### 5 应用层

#### 4 传输层

#### 3 网络层

#### 2 数据链路层

#### 1 物理层

## 常见网络协议
> collapsed=`true`


### 网络层协议
> collapsed=`true`


#### IP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 网络之间互连的协议

##### 在源地址和目的地址之间传送数据

##### 无连接、不可靠

##### 它将差错检测和恶流量控制之类的服务授权给了其他的各层协议

##### 网络层的功能主要由IP来提供

##### 除了提供端到端的分组分发功能外，IP还提供很多拓展功能<br/>例如为了克服数据链路层对帧大小的限制，网络层提供了数据分块和重组功能<br/>这使得很大的IP数据包能以较小的分组在网络上传输
> align=`left`


#### ICMP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 网际控制报文协议

##### 用于在IP主机、路由器之间传递控制消息

##### 控制消息是指：网络通不通、主机是否可达、路由是否可用等网络本身的消息

#### ARP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 地址解析协议

##### IP地址转化为MAC地址

#### RARP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 反向地址解析协议

##### MAC地址转化为IP协议

#### IGMP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 网际组管理协议

##### 允许因特网中的计算机参加多播

##### 计算机用作向相邻多目路由器报告多目组成员的协议，支持组播

### 传输层协议
> collapsed=`true`


#### TCP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 传输控制协议

##### 在IP提供的不可靠数据服务基础上，采用了重发技术，为应用提供了一个可靠的、面向连接的、全双工的数据传输服务

##### 一般用于传输数据量比较少且对可靠性要求高的场合

##### 源主机在传送数据之前需要和目标主机三次握手建立连接

##### 可靠性
> collapsed=`true`


###### 使用序号对数据包进行标记

###### TCP使用确认、校验和定时器系统提供可靠性

###### TCP使用窗口机制调整数据流量

#### UDP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 用户数据包协议

##### 无连接的协议，源主机在传送数据之前不需要和目标主机建立连接

##### 使用最大努力交付，不保证可靠交付，因此主机不需要维护复杂的连接状态

##### 面向报文，UDP对应用层交付的报文，既不合并也不拆分，而是保留这些报文的边界。UDP一次交付一个完整的报文

##### UDP没有拥塞控制，网络出现拥塞不会使源主机的发送速率降低。

##### UDP支持一对一、一对多、多对一和多对多的交互通信

##### UDP的首部开销小，只有8个字节，比TCP的20个字节要短

##### 一般用于传输数据量大、对可靠性要求不高、但是要求速度快的场合

### 应用层协议
> collapsed=`true`


#### HTTP\\HTTPS
> collapsed=`true`


##### 超文本协议

#### FTP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 可靠文件传输协议

#### SMTP\\POP3
> collapsed=`true`


##### 简单邮件传输协议

#### Telnet
> collapsed=`true`


##### 远程连接协议

#### TFTP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 基于UDP

##### 不可靠的、开销不大的小文件传输协议

#### DHCP
> collapsed=`true`


##### 基于UDP

#### DNS
> collapsed=`true`


##### 基于UDP

## IP
> collapsed=`true`


### IPv4地址
> collapsed=`true`


#### IP地址是一个32位的二进制数的逻辑地址

#### 为了方便，一般采用点分十进制表示<br/>将32位IP二进制代码每8位转化为十进制，并用\`\.\`进行间隔
> collapsed=`true`


##### 01100101 00001010 00000000 00000001

##### 101\.10\.0\.1

#### IP地址分为网络号和主机号

#### 依据网络号位数的不同分类
> collapsed=`true`


##### 一般分类
> collapsed=`true`


###### A类
> collapsed=`true`


####### 点分十进制的第一部分为网络号

####### 0\.0\.0\.0 到 127\.255\.255\.255

####### 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 到 011111111 11111111 11111111 11111111

####### 二进制最高位为0

###### B类
> collapsed=`true`


####### 点分十进制的第一部分和第二部分为网络号

####### 128\.0\.0\.0 到 191\.255\.255\.255

####### 10000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 到 101111111 11111111 11111111 11111111

####### 二进制最高两位为10

###### C类
> collapsed=`true`


####### 点分十进制的第一部分、第二部分和第三部分为网络号

####### 192\.0\.0\.0 到 223\.255\.255\.255

####### 11000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 到 110111111 11111111 11111111 11111111

####### 二进制最高三位为110

###### D类组播
> collapsed=`true`


####### 点分十进制的第一部分和第二部分为网络号

####### 128\.0\.0\.0 到 191\.255\.255\.255

####### 10000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 到 101111111 11111111 11111111 11111111

####### 二进制最高两位为10

###### E类保留
> collapsed=`true`


####### 点分十进制的第一部分和第二部分为网络号

####### 128\.0\.0\.0 到 191\.255\.255\.255

####### 10000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 到 101111111 11111111 11111111 11111111

####### 二进制最高两位为10

##### 无分类编址
> collapsed=`true`


###### 不按一般分类，自动规定网络号

###### 格式为：IP地址/网络号，主机号 = IP总长度\(32\) \- 网络号

###### 例如：128\.168\.0\.11/20，主机号站12位，网络号占20位

###### 可以用于划分子网

##### 特殊IP地址
> collapsed=`true`


###### 公有地址
> collapsed=`true`


####### 可以直接访问互联网

####### 全网唯一的IP地址

###### 私有地址
> collapsed=`true`


####### 非注册地址，专门为组织机构内部使用

####### 不能直接访问互联网

####### 0\.0\.0\.0 在网络上的本机地址

####### 255\.255\.255255 在本网络上进行广播

#### 子网
> collapsed=`true`


##### 子网划分

##### 网络号 \+ 子网号 \+ 主机号

##### 子网号可以全0或全1

##### 主机号不能为全0或全1
> collapsed=`true`


###### 主机号全0为广播地址号

###### 主机号全0为网络地址号

##### 网络号和子网号都为1,主机号都为0,这样的地址为子网掩码

##### 子网掩码
> collapsed=`true`


###### A类掩码 255\.0\.0\.0

###### B类掩码 255\.255\.0\.0

###### C类掩码 255\.255\.255\.0

### IPv6
> collapsed=`true`


#### IP地址是一个128位的二进制数的逻辑地址

#### 16位为一段，分为8段

#### 设计初衷

#### 简化报文头格式

### IPv4/IPv6过渡技术
> collapsed=`true`


#### 双协议栈技术

#### 隧道技术

#### 翻译技术

### 域名系统 DNS
> collapsed=`true`


#### Internet地址分为3级，可表示为：网络地址\.主机地址:端口地址
> collapsed=`true`


##### 网络地址和主机地址即为IP地址

##### 端口地址为TCP或UDP地址

## 网络系统建设

### 网络规划

#### 出口层

#### 核心层

##### 网络主干部分

##### 只完成数据交换的特殊任务

##### 双星技术

#### 汇聚层

##### 核心层和接入层的中间层

###### 是多个接入层的汇聚点

###### 必须能处理来自接入层设备的所有通信量，并提供到核心层的上行链路

###### 需要更高的性能、更少的接口和更快的交换速度

##### 处理数据

###### 网络访问控制

###### 数据包处理

###### 过滤寻址

###### 其他数据处理任务

#### 接入层

##### 直接面向用户或者网络的部分

##### 允许终端用户连接到网络

##### 解决相邻终端之间的互访需求，并提供足够的带宽

##### 承担用户管理的部分功能

###### 地址认证

###### 用户认证

###### 计费管理

##### 用户信息收集

###### IP地址

###### MAC地址

###### 访问日志

### 网络设计

#### 采用先进成熟的技术

#### 遵循国际标准，坚持开放原则

#### 网络的可管理性

#### 系统的安全性

#### 灵活性和扩充性

#### 系统的稳定性和可靠性

#### 经济性

#### 实用性

##### 充分保护网络系统现有资源

### 网络实施

#### 综合布线系统

##### 工作区子系统

###### 实现工作区终端设备到水平子系统的信息插座之间的互联

##### 水平子系统

###### 实现信息插座和管理子系统之间、工作区子系统和干线子系统之间的连接

##### 管理子系统

###### 连接各楼层水平子系统和1垂直干线子系统，负责连接控制其他子系统为连接其他子系统提供连接手段

##### 设备间子系统

###### 实现中央配线架与各种不同设备之间的连接

##### 建筑群子系统

###### 各个建筑物通信系统之间的互联

##### 垂直干线子系统

###### 实现各楼层设备间子系统之间的连接

## 通信技术

### 信道分类

#### 物理信道

##### 无线信道

##### 有线信道

#### 逻辑信道

### 设备

#### 发信机

#### 收信机

### 信道技术

#### 复用技术

#### 多址技术

### 5G网络特点

#### 服务化架构

#### 网络切片

### 信道介质

#### 有线信道

##### 双绞线
> collapsed=`true`


###### 屏蔽分类
> collapsed=`true`


####### 无屏蔽双绞线 UTP

####### 屏蔽双绞线 STP

###### 规格分类
> collapsed=`true`


####### 3类 CAT3，速率为 10Mbps

####### 4类 CAT4，速率为 20Mbps

####### 5类 CAT3，速率为 100Mbps

####### 超5类 CAT5E，速率为 1Gbps

####### 6类 CAT6，速率为 5Gbps/100米

####### 超6类 CAT6A，速率为 10Gbps/100米

###### 线序
> collapsed=`true`


####### T568A：绿白、绿、橙白、蓝、蓝白、橙、棕白、棕

####### T568B：橙白、橙、绿白、蓝、蓝白、绿、棕白、棕

##### 光纤
> collapsed=`true`


###### 电信号 \- 光信号 \- 电信号

###### 多模光纤 MMF
> collapsed=`true`


####### 纤芯半径较大

####### 使用发光二极管LED作为光源

####### 同时传输多种不同的信号

####### 成本低

####### 传输效率低

####### 可靠性低

####### 适合短距离传输

####### 速率：100Mbps/2Km、1000Mbps/550m

###### 单模光纤 SMF
> collapsed=`true`


####### 纤芯半径小

####### 只能传输一种信号

####### 使用激光二极管LD作为光源

####### 成本高

####### 传输距离远

####### 可靠性高

#### 无线信道
> collapsed=`true`


##### 无线电波
> collapsed=`true`


###### 长波

###### 中波

###### 短波

###### 超短波

###### 微波
> collapsed=`true`


####### 地面微波

####### 卫星微波

##### 红外光波
> collapsed=`true`


###### 近红外线

###### 中红外线

###### 远红外线

### 通信方式

#### 单工

##### 只能由A到B

#### 半双工

##### A和B可以互相通信，但同一时刻数据流只能单向传输

#### 全双工

##### A和B任意时刻都能互相通信

### 同步方式

## 交换技术

### 交换机

#### 基本功能

##### 集线功能

##### 中继功能

##### 桥接功能

##### 隔离冲突功能

#### 高级功能

##### 转发路径学习

###### 根据收到数据帧中的源MAC地址建立该地址与交换机端口的映射，写入MAC地址表中

##### 数据转发

###### 如果交换机数据帧中的目的MAC地址存在于MAC表中，就向对应端口进行转发

##### 数据泛洪

###### 目的地MAC地址不存在MAC表中，则向所有端口转发

##### 链路地址更新

###### MAC地址表会每隔一定时间更新一次

## 路由技术
> collapsed=`true`


### 路由器
> collapsed=`true`


#### 基本功能
> collapsed=`true`


##### 异种网络互联
> collapsed=`true`


###### 异种子网协议的网络互联

##### 子网协议转换
> collapsed=`true`


###### 不同子网间包括局域网和广域网之间的协议转换

##### 数据路由
> collapsed=`true`


###### 将数据从一个网络依据路由规则转发到另一个网络

##### 速率适配
> collapsed=`true`


###### 利用缓存和恶流量控制协议进行适配

##### 隔离网络
> collapsed=`true`


###### 防止广播风暴

###### 实现防火墙功能

##### 报文分片和重组
> collapsed=`true`


###### 超过接口的MTU报文被分片

###### 到达目的地之后的报文被重组

##### 备份、流量控制
> collapsed=`true`


###### 主备线路的切换

###### 复杂流量控制

#### 工作网络环境
> collapsed=`true`


##### 工作在OSI七层协议的第三层，即网络层

#### 主要任务
> collapsed=`true`


##### 接收来源于一个网络接口的数据包，根据此数据包的目的地地址决定转发的下一个地址

##### 维持数据转发所需要的路由表
> collapsed=`true`


###### 所有数据的发送或转发都通过查找路由表实现

###### 路由表可以静态配置

###### 路由表可以通过动态路由协议自动生成

### 路由协议
> collapsed=`true`


#### 内部网关协议 IGP

#### 外部网关协议 EGP
